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Common Faults in the Use of Electromagnetic Flowmeters
Electromagnetic flowmeter in the use of common failures, some because of the damage to the instrument itself caused by the failure of the components, some due to improper use, improper installation, environmental conditions, fluid characteristics and other factors caused by the failure, such as display fluctuations, precision decline or even instrument damage . It can generally be divided into two types: faults that occur during installation and commissioning (faults during the commissioning period) and failures that occur during normal operations (runtime failures).
(1) Debugging debugging during debugging The expected fault is generally found in the instrument installation and debugging stage. Once it is eliminated, it will not appear again under the same conditions in the future. Common faults during commissioning are generally caused by improper installation, environmental disturbances, and fluid characteristics.
1) The installation is usually caused by the incorrect installation position of the electromagnetic flow sensor. Commonly, such as installing the sensor at the highest point of the pipe system that can easily accumulate gas, or installing it on the vertical pipe from top to bottom, the emptying may occur; Or there is no back pressure behind the sensor and the fluid is directly discharged into the atmosphere to form a non-full tube inside the measuring tube.
2) The environment is usually dominated by stray currents in the pipeline, strong electromagnetic interference in the space, and magnetic interference in large electrical machines. Pipeline stray current interference usually achieves satisfactory results with good individual grounding protection, but in the case of strong stray currents (such as the electrolytic shop pipe, sometimes the peak potential of the AC potential induced at the two electrodes can be as high as 1V), Additional measures must be taken to insulate the flow sensor from the pipeline. Space electromagnetic interference is generally introduced via signal cables and is usually protected by single or multiple layers of shielding.
3) Fluid The measured liquid contains evenly distributed microbubbles that usually do not affect the normal operation of the electromagnetic flowmeter. However, as the air bubbles increase, the output signal of the instrument fluctuates. If the bubbles are large enough to cover the entire surface of the electrode, As the bubble flows through the electrode, the electrode circuit will momentarily open and cause greater fluctuations in the output signal.
When the low-frequency square-wave excitation electromagnetic flowmeter measures excessive solid content slurry, it will also produce slurry noise, causing the output signal to fluctuate.
When measuring mixed media, if you enter the flow sensor for measurement before the mixing is not uniform, the output signal will also fluctuate.
Improper matching of electrode material and measured medium will also affect normal measurement due to chemical action or polarization. The electrode material should be properly selected according to the instrument selection or related manuals.
(2) Run-time faults Faults during operational faults are those that occur after the electromagnetic flowmeter has been commissioned and operated for a period of time. Common operational faults are caused by factors such as the adherence of the inner wall of the flow sensor, lightning strikes, and changes in environmental conditions.
1) Adhesion layer on the inner wall of the sensor Since the electromagnetic flowmeter is commonly used to measure the dirty fluid, after a certain period of operation, an adhesion layer may accumulate on the inner wall of the sensor and cause a failure. These failures are often caused by too much or too little conductivity of the adhesion layer. If the attachment is an insulating layer, the electrode circuit will be open circuit, the meter can not work properly; if the adhesion layer conductivity is significantly higher than the fluid conductivity, the electrode circuit will appear short circuit, the instrument can not work properly. Therefore, the adhered scale layer in the measuring tube of the electromagnetic flowmeter should be promptly removed.
2) Lightning Strikes Lightning strikes can easily induce high voltages and surge currents in the instrument lines, causing damage to the instrument. It is mainly introduced through the power line or the excitation coil or the flow signal line between the sensor and the converter, and is particularly introduced from the power cable of the control room.
3) Changes in environmental conditions During commissioning, the meter is working properly because the environmental conditions are still good (for example, if there is no interference source). In this case, it is often easy to neglect the installation conditions (for example, the grounding is not very good). In this case, once the environmental conditions change, new sources of interference occur during operation (such as welding on pipelines near the flowmeter, and large transformers are installed nearby), which will interfere with the normal operation of the meter, and the output of the flowmeter. The signal will fluctuate.