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[Key words] industrial valve; petrochemical plant; problem; application CLC number: J51-4 Document code: A Article ID: 1009-914X(2018)40-0242-01
Introduction Valves play a very important role in petrochemical plants. The exact selection of valves in the piping design of the relevant personnel is of great significance for the normal operation of petrochemical plants. Due to the unreasonable valve selection or the quality of the valve, the entire petrochemical plant cannot meet the standard of use and cause major safety accidents to occur at home and abroad. Therefore, the relevant personnel must select the appropriate valve for the petrochemical plant in strict accordance with relevant requirements.
1Introduction of industrial valves Industrial valves are an important accessory for controlling the flow of media on industrial pipelines. They can be used to control various types of air, water, steam, various corrosive media, mud, oil, liquid metal and radioactive media. The flow of fluid. The valve is composed of a valve body, an opening and closing mechanism and a valve cover. Its role mainly includes the following: First, the opening and closing effect. Cut off or communicate the flow of fluid in the tube; second, regulate. Adjust the flow rate and flow rate in the tube; third, throttling. A large pressure drop is produced after passing the fluid through the valve; fourth, other effects. Automatic opening and closing, maintaining a certain pressure, blocking steam and so on. The most common problems of valves are: first, the flange and thread leakage at the junction with the pipeline; second, the leakage of the filler culvert, the leakage of the lumbar pad and the opening of the valve stem; third, the valve core and the valve seat are not closed. Strict formation of internal leakage.
2 Some problems in the application of industrial valves in petrochemical plants 2.1JB valve problems First of all, JB valves have unreasonable problems in terms of structural length, gate and bracket structure. Secondly, JB valves are not reasonable in terms of application systems. The JB standard requires a uniform designation for a type of valve, and the manufacturer can only provide a limited range of options, which limits the user's flexibility, or the user often does not have a suitable valve. Under normal circumstances, the bevel gear drive structure is superior to the spur gear drive structure, but when the valve specification range of the bevel gear drive structure is small, the spur gear driven valve has to be selected in the design. In the design process, the usual practice is to select the valve sealing sub-assembly and packing structure according to the conditions of use, but the JB valve sample type usually can not meet the relevant requirements, and the API valve solves these problems well.
2.2 Advantages of API valves 2.2.1 API valves have a more complete application system For some problems of the above mentioned JB valves, API valves can be well avoided or solved. The quality of JB valve standard system has yet to be improved, and there is no connection between each system. The API valve standard overcomes these problems, such as API600, API602, API598 and other standards for valve structure, component structure, component materials, valves. Strength and airtightness tests are specified so that the performance standards between the user and the manufacturer are almost the same to ensure the overall quality of the valve. In particular, API valves are certified by relevant quality certification bodies, so their quality is guaranteed.
2.2.2 API valve has a more complete structure API valve has been relatively complete in structural design, the relatively short API valve structure makes the valve occupy less space, and the weight of the valve is also reduced. API valves generally use a flexible ram structure. Because it can adjust the fit mode with the valve seat, the good sealing effect fundamentally reduces the internal leakage. In addition, the resilient shutters prevent jamming due to over-tightening or thermal expansion. The perfect structural design of the API valve solves these problems just right. The API valve structure is more reasonable in size, extremely convenient to operate, has a wide range of options, and the problem of large internal leakage and external leakage is also well solved. These superior structural designs allow API valves to last longer.
2.3GB valve promotion and application problems China first introduced the GB valve standard in 1989, its content and structure have borrowed the characteristics of the API standard, so GB valve standard is relatively advanced in China's valve field. However, the scope of promotion and application of this standard is extremely limited. The reasons for its lack of widespread promotion are as follows: First, the range of API valves in China is very large. Many valve factories have smelting equipment. ASTM materials can be provided for API valves, so it is time to analyze and analyze the time and effort to produce and select GB valves. It is better to use the previous API valves, save time and effort, and ensure the quality. Secondly, the flange corresponding to the GB valve is a large outer diameter series, so it cannot be used in the pipeline of the small outer diameter series, and the temperature and pressure curves of the GB valve and the JB valve are independent and different from each other, so that the two The compatibility process is difficult. Therefore, if the manufacturing quality of JB valves is still good, manufacturers and users will choose JB valves to save a lot of trouble. Third, the GB valve standard system is still flawed. For example, the GB valve uses the temperature and pressure curve specified in GB9131, and the material listed in GB9131 is not much, and the casting materials are not listed as in the ANSI or API standards, so it cannot be used in comparison.
2.4 Application of Metal Hard Seal Butterfly Valves At present, many valve manufacturers at home and abroad have begun to research and manufacture metal hard seal butterfly valves in order to better meet the needs of large petrochemical plants. The main purpose is to replace some gate valves. The metal hard seal butterfly valve is shown in Figure 1. Some manufacturers use the structure and sealing of butterfly valves, such as the application of double eccentricity and triple eccentric structure, and use many methods to solve the problem of leakage of butterfly valve under wear and high temperature. However, the application of metal hard seal butterfly valves is still in its infancy, and there is no relevant experience to support it. Therefore, relevant national departments or authorities should conduct rigorous technical analysis and performance testing on existing products, and give the scope and conditions of application to ensure that they can be applied correctly.
2.4 The application of hydrogenation of high pressure hydrogenation valves is an important means of deep processing of crude oil, so this process is particularly important. Therefore, each of our refinery chemical plants will be equipped with a corresponding hydrogenation unit. However, the high pressure valves used in many large hydrocracking units of many manufacturers are purchased from abroad. These high pressure valves are small in number and very expensive. Under normal circumstances, foreign valves are about 4 times the price of the same kind of valves in China. Therefore, it is necessary to produce high-pressure hydrogenation valves in China. Many valve manufacturers in China, both in equipment and in technology, already have the level of producing such valves. Manufacturers should further improve their manufacturing capacity and production level, and manufacture qualified hydrogenation valves instead of imports. Valve. If the mass production of hydrogenation valves can meet the needs of the hydrogenation unit construction cycle, relevant departments can organize the establishment of relevant research groups to conduct research on domestic high-pressure hydrogenation valves.
In conclusion, there are still some problems in the application of industrial valves in petrochemical plants. Relevant valve manufacturers should actively learn the successful experience of some excellent foreign valve manufacturers. According to the actual use of industrial valves in China, we should start from specific problems. Design and manufacture valves that meet the standards for the use of petrochemical plants in China and improve the quality of industrial valves.
references:
[1]YAN Gang, HU Chenchun, ZHOU Yongjian. Analysis of some problems in the application of industrial valves in petrochemical plants [J]. Science and Technology Innovation and Application, 2017 (29): 147-148.
[2]Chen Qun. Application Research of Valve On-line Detection Technology in Petrochemical Plants[J].Tax,2017(33):194-194.
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Analysis on some problems of industrial valves in the application of petrochemical plants
[Abstract] Valve is an important part of petrochemical plant. Whether it can work normally directly affects the application of petrochemical plant. At present, there are still some problems in the application of industrial valve in petrochemical plant. Based on this, the article mainly introduces the industrial valve first, and then specifically explores the problems of several industrial valves and their practical applications, hoping to provide some reference for relevant researchers.