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The flotation process includes many steps, mainly including the preparation of the material to be treated, wherein the solid material is mainly prepared for particle size adjustment; the action of the agent (including the action of the collector , the foaming agent, the adjusting agent and the adjustment); the flotation separation process (including rough selection, sweeping, selection, etc.) and product processing (including concentrated dewatering, drying, and dewatering and storage of waste). The factors affecting the quality of these steps are also very complex, mainly including: ore and mineral characteristics; the particle size composition of the material after crushing and grinding, or the concentration and composition characteristics of the liquid raw materials; the variety and dosage formula of the medicament and the method of use, stirring and slurry mixing ; flotation equipment ; flotation process.
The flotation process involves a series of modern scientific foundations, including thermodynamics, kinetics, electrochemistry, surface and colloidal chemistry, solution chemistry, organic chemistry and crystallization chemistry of chemical systems; fluid mechanics, rock mechanics, geology in physics Mineralogy, petrology, mineralogy, etc. in the mineral sciences.
Currently the increasingly poor industrial minerals, fine, complex, metallurgy, chemical and other process utilization and increasing environmental requirements and future development of marine resources needs, flotation science and technology will become more important.
The content of this article is about the theoretical basis of flotation, the general theory of various mineral flotation and flotation process, flotation machinery and equipment, and a special flotation method, which is specially introduced to industrial applications and is under research and development. Various proprietary flotation processes and equipment in addition to froth flotation. Various types of mineral flotation industry practices are described in this manual.
Classification of flotation process
With the expansion of practical applications and the deepening of research work, various flotation methods with unique processes and proprietary uses have appeared. The original definition of flotation is difficult to express all the contents, and the definition of comprehensive flotation is more comprehensive. It can be summarized as follows: the hydrophobic affinity (or lipophilic) property obtained by the material itself or obtained by the treatment of the medicament is used to accumulate in the water-gas or water-oil interface to achieve enrichment, separation and purification. According to the difference of processing materials and process characteristics, various flotation methods are summarized. Foam flotation and foam separation are the most widely used, and the two methods are further differentiated in the process.