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Recently, it was learned from the University of Science and Technology of China that the Key Laboratory of Quantum Information of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, led by Guo Guangcan, a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has made significant progress in the field of carbon nanotube-based nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). Guo Guoping, a research group of the solid-state quantum chipset of the laboratory, cooperated with the research team of Tsinghua University, Jiang Kaili, and successfully realized the strong coupling of two series of carbon nanotube resonators and the strong coupling of two modes in the carbon nanotube resonator. This coupling enables coherent manipulation of the phonons.
Due to its good electrical properties and excellent mechanical properties, carbon nanotubes have been widely used in the research of nano-electromechanical systems in recent years. They also have broad application prospects in the measurement of physical quantities such as mass, micro force, gas and displacement. In particular, the mechanical mode of the carbon nanotube resonator has strong coupling with physical quantities such as single-molecule magnet, single-electron charge, and spin, and can be used to explore physical phenomena at the nanometer scale, and is a high-quality quantum sensor device. .
In the field of quantum information, phonons in nanoresonators can maintain long coherence time and can maintain coherent transmission over long distances. It is a good flying quantum bit and is considered as one of the candidates for quantum data bus. Focusing on the exploration of phonons as a quantum data bus, Guo Guoping's research group carried out research on long-range coupling of multi-mechanical vibrators, and realized the strong coupling of two series mechanical vibrators for the first time on carbon nanotube mechanical vibrators. It is the strong coupling between the two mechanical vibrators and the quantum dots. The new coupled mechanical vibrator device provides a new platform for studying electron-phonon coherence interaction, electron long-range coupling and electronic entanglement. The use of phonons as flying qubits also provides new ideas for quantum data bus research.
On the basis of realizing the long-range coupling and long-range transmission of phonons, the research of quantum data bus also needs to realize the coherent manipulation of phonons. The study of high-order modes of mechanical vibration is of great significance for the coherent manipulation of ultra-sensitive sensors and phonons. At present, the international research on multi-mechanical mode coupling mainly focuses on low-frequency resonators of hundreds of kilohertz. To achieve more sensitive sensors and achieve faster phonon control, it is necessary to further increase the resonant frequency of the resonator.
In response to the problem of high-frequency phonon manipulation, Guo Guoping's research team found that vibration modes in different directions in a single carbon nanotube can work on the order of 100 megahertz. These two modes can be coupled by adding an additional parametric drive. Adjusting the driving power can achieve linear regulation from weak coupling to strong coupling, which is completely consistent with the theoretical calculation results. The research group realized the coherent pull ratio operation of phonons in mechanical vibration by controlling the waveform of driving microwaves, and observed more than 10 rabbling oscillations. It is the largest record of the number of phonon operations in the experiment, and the frequency of the rabbi operation is greater than 500 kHz, two orders of magnitude higher than previous reports.
The work of this series was funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Education. "After a series of means to cool the mechanical vibration to the quantum ground state, the coherent manipulation of phonons will have broad application prospects in the field of quantum sensing and quantum information," Guo Guoping said.