Flotation is a method of separating the useful components and gangue minerals according to the difference in physicochemical properties of the mineral surface under the agitation and aeration. The application of flotation separation efficiency and recovery rate is relatively high, which is particularly effective for fine-grain-impregnated ore, high-quality concentrate can be obtained, and mineral resources can be fully utilized comprehensively, so it is widely used to treat pulse gold ore. However, there are limitations on the classification of high- arsenic and high-sulfur, fine-grained gold, multi-metal gold-bearing ore and oxidized ore with high degree of oxidation. Combining years of flotation production practice, this paper briefly introduces the practical technology of gold ore flotation from the aspects of process equipment, post operation and ore properties, so that gold mining enterprises can achieve immediate benefits in deepening reform, innovation and development and technological progress. The choice of flotation process is related to the nature of the ore and the requirements for the quality of the concentrate. The selection of the number of segments is mainly related to the characteristics of the useful minerals in the ore and the muddy state of the ore during the grinding process. Rough selection is generally one time. The number of selections and sweeps depends mainly on the ore grade, the requirements on the concentrate and the value of the concentrate, the useful minerals and the floatability of the gangue minerals. The coarse and fine sweeping section of a flotation plant is in the order of 1, 4, and 3: when about 10 g/ton of quartz vein gold ore is selected, the gold concentrate grade is as high as one or two hundred grams per ton, and the sample is found to have a coarsely selected concentrate grade. 60 g / ton, then the pipeline will be partially self-flowing into the concentrate pump pool, the selected operation will be reduced from 4 to 2, and the gold concentrate in the filtered pool will still reach 80 g / ton; when / ton of gold ore altered rock, because it contains 2% -3% of lead, gold concentrate grade of only 10 g / t and more, after the soda pulp pH increase, up to three fifty grams per ton, have used a floating branch In the selection method, the rough selection will be increased from 1 to 3, and the former concentrate will be added to the latter stage. After the selected grade is selected, the selection will be carried out. The gold concentrate grade will rise to more than 25 grams per ton, and the 3 sections of tailings will be selected at the same time. 1 paragraph. Design and flotation process of 400t/d plant in Lizi Gold Mine When the ore grade is high, the mineral floatability is poor, and the quality of the concentrate is not very high, the selection operation should be less or even not selected. The sweeping operation should be strengthened to ensure the recovery rate; when the ore grade is low, useful minerals When the floatability is good and the quality of the concentrate is high, the number of selections should be increased. The sweeping time is too short, which will make the easy-to-select gold concentrates not to float up and lose with the tailings. Too long can not reduce the stable tailings grade, which will cause air and fuel consumption. If the selection time is too short, the final concentrate grade will be significantly lower. The export will not be too low or the price will be too low. Too long will increase the grade of gold concentrate, but the output will decrease. It is not necessary after the cancellation of the export fare grade. The tailings are caused to run higher, and the overall benefits are not high. Select flotation device and into the dressing stone nature factors, equipment performance, processing plant scale, process structure, the division series and other relevant technical and economic comparison, but also consider the quality of the equipment, price, availability of spare parts. In addition to wear resistance, low energy consumption, and low cost, the flotation equipment that meets the requirements of the flotation process has good aeration and agitation, adjusts the level of slurry and circulation, and can work continuously. The high-concentration multi-selection high-energy mechanical agitation flotation machine, the low-grade sulfide ore floatation uses low-speed inflation to facilitate the sorting effect, and the aerobic flotation that is easy to generate foam has a large amount of aeration. The determination of the number of flotation tanks should be accurately calculated based on the treatment volume, the specific gravity of the ore, the concentration of the slurry, the effective volume of the flotation machine, and the flotation time of the operation. Small and medium-sized plants use mechanical agitation flotation machines, while large-scale plants use deep-channel compressed gas flotation columns. After a 50-ton/day-selective plant has been selected from a BF-2.8 tank to four SF-1.2m3 DC tanks, the equipment utilization rate, concentrate quality and recovery rate have been significantly improved. It is necessary to grasp the inspection timing to carry out comprehensive inspection and repair on the flotation tank which has problems in the sealing of the inlet and suction system in normal operation, and to add the rubber pad when the contact is not tight, and if necessary, add a pad, a spot welding screw and a nut. The clearance of the impeller cover is mostly 8 mm - 10 mm, and the wear of the slurry pipe impeller plate is severe. Whether the tank system is sealed has a great influence on the level of the slurry and the circulation flow, and also has a direct relationship with the formation of the bottom vacuum and the generation of bubbles in the slurry. Timely repair or replace the problem flotation tank, mixer, scraper and inter-segment piping. The trough leakage should be welded. The aging should be changed frequently. The reversing motor should be phase-modulated. The triangular belt should be tight and the wear should be severe. Including the mixer bearings should be replaced as soon as possible. Equipment inspections are of great benefit. The angle between the scraper groups is a right angle. The scraper shaft and the scraper that are loosely bent and bent are found to be fastened, and the grease is lubricated into the trough. In order to regulate the yield, each group is in the same plane. 2 scrapers, preferably one moving and one static, coarse selection can be added in the vertical plane, changing the speed of the scraper shaft can also regulate the yield. For blocked or cracked inter-segment piping, it is necessary to clear the way in time. Reasonable flotation parameters come from product quality and quantity requirements. From the change of ore properties, it can be flexibly and flexibly adjusted according to rich experience, keeping the flotation process relatively stable, and ensuring that the final tailings contain crude gold. Generally, minerals with high flotation density and coarse grain size use coarser slurry for coarse sweeping, and minerals with small density and fine grain size. The separation operation of mixed concentrates with difficult separation of selected operations uses relatively thin pulp. Combined with the production practice, the requirements for the concentration of flotation are: rough selection 25% - 45%, selection 10% - 20%, sweeping 20% ​​- 30%. The concentration of the slurry during flotation is proportional to the time and the volume concentration of the medicament, and inversely proportional to the aeration of the slurry. Lizi Gold Mine 400t/d plant, one coarse (4) two sweeps (3+3) changed to one coarse (2) three sweeps (2+3+3) flotation process The requirement of flotation for grinding fineness is that the useful minerals basically reach the monomer dissociation, and the coarse-grained monomer minerals must have a particle size smaller than the upper limit of the particle size of the mineral floating, and avoid the mud. The flotation of coarse-grained minerals uses a highly capable collector and agitator, as well as a higher concentration and a larger amount of aeration. The “floating group†where the bubbles gathers has a large buoyancy, and the foaming device is quick and stable. commonly used for shallow trench coarse flotation, air bubbles due to the short float away; fine mineral flotation flocculation, flotation carrier for use as a carrier for pyrite flotation as gold, may also be treated after collector, in Under the action of neutral oil, an oily foam with ore is formed to carry out agglomeration flotation. The inspection of the factory should ensure that the concentration of the grinding classification circuit is detected every hour. The detection of the overflow concentration of the cyclone of the “throat†is the most critical, and the flotation index is directly related. When the detection fineness is insufficient, it can be solved by adding steel balls and adjusting the concentration. A mine found a cyclone overflow percentage, the concentration was reduced by 3.1, the -200 mesh fineness increased by 2.5, and the tailings gold grade decreased by 0.05 g / ton, the recovery rate increased by 0.21. The hardness of altered rock and quartz veins is 8-10 and 10-12 respectively, and the final fineness after grinding classification is higher than the former because “hard to hard†is easier to grind than “hard to softâ€. When the former part of the two-stage two-closed classifier with semi-self-grinding is returned to the second-stage mill, the final fineness of the two is equivalent, and the -200 mesh is above 70%. It is necessary to grasp the factors such as the filling rate and the indicating current of the mill steel ball. Once an abnormality occurs, it is necessary to accurately judge and solve the problem. For the selection of higher grade gold ore, in order to fully and effectively recover the useful components, the production can be reduced. However, the grinding current ratio and the grinding medium filling rate can be adjusted to adjust the ratio and replenishment of the steel ball. Improve capacity and recovery rate. When a mine processes six or seven grams of quartz vein mines per ton of gold, it adds 2 tons of steel balls of ∮100 in the semi- autogenous mill , the motor current is maintained at 400 amps to 420 amps, and the filling rate is 6%-8%. In the second-stage ball mill , the steel balls of ∮80 and ∮60 are slowly added in the amount of 1 ton and half-ton, each of which is 3 tons and 4 tons, and the corresponding current is maintained at 320 amps to 340 amps, and the filling rate is about 38%. The daily processing capacity has increased from 280 tons to 360 tons from 360 tons. Later, with the second-stage mill as the object, the daily production capacity of the steel ball was 321 × 3 by 260.01 kg, which resulted in a daily processing capacity of 447 tons. The pH affects the hydrophilicity and electrical properties of the surface. The higher the pH, the higher the alkalinity of the solution, the more OH- adsorbed on the surface, the stronger the hydrophilicity of the mineral, the inhibition of gangue minerals, and the dissociation of xanthate. The more xanthogen anions are produced, the most useful ingredients are captured. Various minerals can be well selected under suitable flotation pH. The lime milk is strongly alkaline, which can accelerate the dissociation of the xanthate, so that the thickness of the hydrophobic layer covering the useful mineral surface is deepened, so that the gangue minerals are hydrophilic and enter the tailings, and the agglomerated ore can be dispersed to eliminate the influence of harmful ions. It will also make the foam sticky and cause the trough to run, often replaced with soda. A mine is sorted with 2.58 g/ton of altered rock gold ore. The gold concentrate grade is 18.8 g/t. After adding lime to the mill ore belt, the pH value of the slurry is increased from neutral 7 to alkaline 8-8.5. The gold concentrate grade then rose to more than 50 grams per ton, setting a significant economic benefit. Generally, the right amount of collector and foaming agent can increase the flotation rate and improve the flotation recovery and concentrate quality. The proper amount of inhibitors and activators will also increase the flotation index. After the mixed drug, the speed of adsorbing the chemical layer on the mine surface is accelerated, the density of the mineral cover agent is increased, and the synergistic effect makes the interaction between the various collectors co-adsorption, and the flotation effect is better than the single drug. For example, a mixture of butyl xanthate and butylamine xanthate is more effective than a single butyl xanthate to capture useful components, and isoamyl xanthate has been successfully substituted in place. The ratio and dosage of the agent to be mixed should be preferably justified by experiment. Multi-point dosing is fine and micro-invasive, which is better than single-point effect. Additional agent sequentially PH value adjusting agent is poorly soluble drug is added to the mill, and, sparingly soluble copper sulfate-based drug was added to the mixing vessel first, second xanthate-based soluble drug is added to the mixing vessel, foaming oil-pinitol The agent is added to the second agitating barrel outlet. The general standard addition sequence is a pH adjuster-inhibitor or activator-collector-foaming agent. The drugs added in the front create conditions for the latter to work. For drugs that are easily removed by air bubbles and are easily disabled by the action of fine mud and soluble salts, they should be added in stages, and vice versa. The common phenomenon of "groove" and "drop" in the flotation is related to the operation of the ore and the operation of the pharmaceutical system, and is also closely related to the regulation of key valves. The key valve is opened small, the front groove is dropped and the groove is dropped, and the adjustment is normal for at least 10 minutes - 20 minutes. A mine training flotation worker, with the selection and rough selection, rough selection and sweeping, the selection of the control valve of the last slot as the key valve, the training of the post training, the measured tailings grade as the criterion, realized Learn to use, learn to use. Inflation agitation is related to the floatability of minerals, which is related to the impeller speed. The optimum speed of the experiment should be used to ensure good gold concentrate quality and recovery under suitable aeration. Stirring before selection accelerates the interaction between the ore particles and the agent, shortens the adjustment time of the slurry, and saves the dosage of the agent. The strength is proportional to the impeller speed. The length of time is determined by the difficulty of dispersing the medicinal oil in water. The xanthate and pine oil need only take 1 minute to 2 minutes. The flotation stir can suspend the ore particles and diffuse the bubbles to promote the ore particles. Attached to the bubble. It should also ensure the integrity of the aerated mixing and sealing system and parts of the flotation machine, and the power matching and tightness of the matching motor and the V-belt are suitable. The solubility of some pharmaceutical agents is related to temperature. Measures should be taken to ensure and stabilize the water solubility of the drug, so as to prevent the drug from reversing due to temperature problems. Especially in winter, if necessary, the solution in the drug storage tank of the dispensing tank should be warmed and kept warm. The flotation problem of sulfur-containing oil-containing mud minerals is solved through experimental research. The ore selected in a flotation plant contains galena, and the sulfur content increases significantly. After the pH is raised, the grade of gold concentrate is improved, but the added lime has an inhibitory effect on pyrite, resulting in a significant run of gold grade in the tailings. High, at the beginning of the principle of reducing and stabilizing the tailings grade, even if no lime is added and the pH is kept neutral, the tailings index should be guaranteed. Afterwards, the pH is slowly adjusted to 8-8.35 through experimental research, and the gold concentrate grade rises to 30 g / ton or more. In view of the fact that the flotation mixed concentrate mainly contains valuable metals such as silver, lead and gold and sulfur, they again conducted an experimental study on the preferred No. 25 black medicine for coarse-sweeping three-stage flotation (middle mine closed return), lead concentrate The mineral grade reached 30.92%, and the lead recovery rate reached 94.89%. Only the separation month was 134,000 yuan. In addition, the sulfur grade in the tailings is suppressed to 55.91%, which is convenient for bargain sales. The condition has a post-grinding flotation month and can create a profit of 26,000 yuan. Plum gold mine 400t / d selection plant a thick (4) four fine (4 + 3 + 2 + 2) three sweep (2+3 + 3) changed to a thick (2) two fine (4 + 3) three sweep ( 2+3+3) flotation process After the oil-bearing ore is slurried into the flotation tank, it is easy to cause the fluffing trough. If necessary, the scooping oil is removed in the agitation tank. At this time, the foaming agent should be shut off, the suction pipe should be blocked, and the scraper should be stopped. The DC tank and the gate valve rush out the oil-bearing slag into the tailings, and the excess foaming agent and diesel oil can be defoamed. Cleaning minerals from the source, or matching a large selection of oil-free minerals, can also eliminate the hazards of oil to flotation. The floating minerals are made of rare pulp, which can be multi-stage grinding, stage beneficiation, batch-wise dosing, and addition of dispersing agents such as water glass, soda, caustic soda, etc., which eliminate the harmful effects of slime, if necessary. Pre-desilting is required before selection. It is also possible to use a butylamine xanthate with a large molecular weight, a long carbon chain and a non-polar base to carry out the flotation and flotation, and to match the quartz veins and appropriately reduce the fineness of the grinding, all of which can reduce the flotation of the mud. influences. Scientifically, choose a gold ore containing graphite . Some mines have a lot of pits, and the nature of the gold ore produced is inevitably different. In this regard, it is necessary to distinguish the pits through the experiment to establish a corresponding pharmaceutical system, so as to choose the prescription when the prescription. By man-made reference to its minerals, it will only cause metal loss and chemical loss, which is not worth the loss. Gold ores of graphite, may be added insoluble in water, it can not dissociate into ions in a non-polar oil, such as coal oil, transformer oil, diesel oil and fuel oil, to float graphite concentrate stockpiling or discarded. Nigrosine can also be used (an amine salt of thiophosphoric acid) inhibitors, inhibiting graphite, adsorption of organics floating gold minerals. The simplest and most common method is to add starch (grey surface) organic colloid, which can be adsorbed on the surface of minerals such as graphite and mica to be inhibited. After a flotation plant adds gray surface to the graphite-bearing gold ore, the graphite is inhibited and the concentrate quality and recovery rate are improved. The sales price of rich ore at 25 g/ton is ranked as: gold concentrate, fine ore and lump ore obtained by grinding flotation. With 10,000 tons of ore calculation, the gold concentrate obtained after the flotation of gold ore in the gold mine is sold to the smelting plant with higher net output value than the direct sales of the lump ore and fine ore: the price is above 93g/t, which is 98,300 yuan; The grade is 56,500 yuan at 24g/t and 93,200 yuan at 5g/t. The gold smelter has the same processing fee for the gold ore in different ways. The fine ore includes gold concentrate, the gold distribution is uniform, the sample is representative, and the grinding cost is only 3.3g of the block ore negative change 5g/t error. %, indicating that the lump ore direct sales loss of 14,300 yuan. The flotation process does not occupy much space in the plant selection process, but its dominance plays a central role. The previous grinding grading circuit created conditions for its selection, and the subsequent gold concentrate and tailings filter dry platoons can shorten the sales time and accelerate the capital turnover. The application of gold ore flotation practical technology should be based on the post, pay attention to practice, start from the small links that seem to hinder the overall situation, find problems, analyze the reasons, and find countermeasures, so long-term adherence will not only benefit the operation of the plant The improvement, more importantly, the use of small links in flotation operations can create great benefits in production technology. self-healing TPU,TPU white chameleon,TPU Car headlight Film Guangzhou Fuyulai Technology Co.,Ltd , https://www.fylfilm.com