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Straw banned: it is not a good policy to ban
[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] Straw burning is the top priority of various government departments in the autumn harvest season, and it is also a field problem for farmers in the autumn harvest season. Why do farmers still risk burning straw under the strict control of agriculture, environmental protection, and grassroots governments? Is it that the farmers do not understand the law, are not reasonable, or have they had a hard time? Can straw be banned, can it be simply banned?
All localities vigorously promote the straw burning
The ban on burning straw is a strict implementation of environmental protection measures in recent years in China, which is intended to reduce the environmental pollution caused by burning straw. The competent departments at all levels attach great importance to it. From the province to the city, to the village, there are special straw banned burning command centers or responsible persons. They are strictly guarded against death and widely publicized. Their importance is no less than the supervision of the family planning policy of the year. Why do farmers tend to burn straw? How can the burning of straw be better implemented? Look at what the agricultural expert Wang Xiuyun said.
Teacher Wang believes that burning straw first is indeed harmful to the environment. Incineration of straw produces a large amount of smog and particulate dust, especially when the incineration time is relatively concentrated, which is likely to cause local environmental deterioration. Some serious places even affect the line of sight and have an impact on traffic. Many people think that in our history, we burned straw all the year round, and at that time did not feel any influence on the air. This view is unscientific. First, for a long time in the past, domestic crop plantings were much smaller than modern ones, and the same crop growth was much worse than modern ones. For example, corn, before the corn plants are short, poor growth, and the number of acres per acre is small, resulting in much less straw than it is now. Moreover, straw has been a major source of fuel in rural areas for a long time. Farmers basically store straw as fuel and do not concentrate on incineration. With the increase of straw and the development of rural economy in the past decade, straw has become useless, and straw burning has become a big problem. Especially in the corn harvest season, if a large amount of straw is burned in the open air in a short time, it will inevitably pollute the environment.
This is also the reason why the state strictly prohibits straw burning. However, the problem of straw burning is a comprehensive problem. If it is simply banned, I am afraid there will be some new problems. The main question is, where should the straw go? In the past, straw was a treasure in the countryside. It was used as a feed and as a fuel. When we were young, no peasants threw straw into the ground. It was not until about 2000 that there was a gradual stalk that was burned on the spot. However, with the economic development, rural aquaculture retailers have basically disappeared, and fuel has been replaced by natural gas, gas, electricity and so on. Straw becomes useless. But because of the need to hurry to grow wheat, you can't throw corn stalks into the ground. In the past, farmers chose to burn on the spot. Now it is forbidden to burn. If the straw is cleaned up by hand, it takes two people to work on one acre of land, which is difficult for farmers to accept. Only straw can be returned to the field. It is to use the machine to hit the corn stalks into the ground and grow the wheat.
Straw banned patrol headquarters
Returning straw to the field, in addition to no environmental pollution, can also increase the organic matter in the soil, which seems to be a good choice, but in reality, it also brings a lot of problems. First, there are a large number of pest eggs and germs on the straw. After returning to the field, the eggs and germs reproduce in the soil for the winter. This has led to a significant increase in pests and diseases of the crops. This is particularly evident in this year's corn season. After the wheat straw was returned to the field, the insect pests in the corn seedling period increased significantly, and various insects, noctuids, and silkworms appeared frequently. Moreover, insect pests of different ages appear at the same time, resulting in increased resistance, increased difficulty in medication, and poor effect. This year, corn is generally used three times more than in previous years. The production and use of pesticides itself has also increased environmental pollution. Second, the straw returned to the field lacked large mechanical cooperation. Especially in the mountains, hilly areas. There is no large-scale mechanical compaction of soil, corn stalks are too soft in the soil, resulting in poor tillering of the wheat, the soil does not retain water and is not insulated, and wheat freeze damage has occurred in recent years. The third is to increase the economic burden. The use of mechanical straw to return to the field, compacting the soil, and increasing the amount of pesticides have all led to an increase in farmers' cost of planting. These are also the reasons why individual farmers have risked burning straw in violation of regulations.
Environmental protection is a century-long plan for the benefit of the country and the people. How to implement the straw burning policy and solve the practical problems faced by farmers, it requires more management wisdom and policies and regulations closer to farmers' production.