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Method for mineral processing of titanium and vanadium ore
(1) Vanadium-titanium magnetite ore
Magmatic vanadium-titanium magnetic iron ore is the main resource of titanium and vanadium. Useful mineral ore mainly magnetite and ilmenite titanium, disseminated to the main grain; gangue minerals mainly silicates, and some also have apatite and other carbonate minerals; frequently with vanadium, sulfur And cobalt and other ingredients. Vanadium and cobalt are often iron-like isoforms present in titanomagnetite and pyrite. The ore dressing of such ores is generally to first extract the vanadium iron concentrate by weak magnetic separation, and then recover the ilmenite from the tailings by re-election, strong magnetic separation, flotation and electric separation, and recover the yellow by flotation. The iron contained in iron ore and vanadium iron concentrate cannot be removed by beneficiation and can be separated in smelting. In order to meet the necessary slag amount for high-titanium slag iron making, it is sometimes unreasonable to excessively increase the iron grade of vanadium-iron concentrate. The process of recovering titanium from magnetic separation tailings must first ensure that high quality titanium concentrate is obtained. Various processes such as re-election, flotation, re-election-flotation, re-election-strong magnetic separation-flotation, re-election-strong magnetic separation were studied. The ilmenite concentrate is electrified and selected to increase the grade of titanium dioxide to over 48%. The flotation of ilmenite is carried out in acidic pulp. The recovery of cobalt from flotation pyrite should be before flotation of ilmenite. If the ore contains carbonate minerals, it must be floated beforehand.
The smelting method for the extraction of vanadium from vanadium iron concentrate is fire method and wet method. The vanadium iron concentrate is smelted by vanadium iron concentrate to obtain vanadium-containing iron water, and then the vanadium slag is blown by converter, and the vanadium slag is further wet. The method extracts vanadium-containing products. Vanadium extracted by fire method has been used in industrial production, but the recovery rate of vanadium is low. The vanadium extraction by wet method is directly subjected to sodium smelting and leaching of iron concentrate to obtain vanadium-containing and iron-containing products, and the iron-containing products are sent to iron making. The vanadium extraction by wet method is better, and the comprehensive utilization of resources is better. The recovery rate of vanadium is higher, but it is still in the industrial test stage. The vanadium extraction method of the hydrothermal vanadium-containing iron ore is the same as above.
(2) Ilmenite ore mine
Titanium Placer titanium minerals ilmenite, rutile, anatase and leucoxene other less; often with zircon and monazite symbiotic, heavy minerals were fine state; gangue silicon salt Mineral-based, re-election, magnetic separation and electro-election combined processes are used in production. The sand mine is pre-concentrated by a conical concentrator, a fan-shaped chute, a spiral concentrator, a jigging or a shaker to obtain a coarse concentrate containing heavy sand minerals, and then the ilmenite is recovered by medium and strong magnetic separation; strong magnetic separation Recycled monazite; shaker in addition to gangue; elective separation of zircon and rutile, to obtain a variety of concentrates. In order to obtain qualified concentrates, the selection process of general coarse concentrates has many operations and changes greatly, and sometimes the ilmenite concentrate is further dephosphorized by flotation.
In addition to vanadium-titanium magnetite ore and titanium sand ore, there are a few veins of titanium. For the metamorphic basic rock type rutile ore, the rutile concentrate is obtained by re-election-strong magnetic separation-electrical selection, flotation and flotation-calcination magnetic separation. The flotation-re-election process of gabbro-type apatite-containing ilmenite ore was tested to obtain two concentrates of ilmenite and apatite.
Due to the limited resources of high-titanium minerals, various methods for the production of rutile from ilmenite have been studied, such as the choice of chlorination and reduction rust.
(III) Vanadium-bearing carbonaceous slate
Sedimentary vanadium-bearing carbonaceous slate is also an important one in China's vanadium resources, and is still in the research stage. The vanadium in the ore is a mineral such as vanadium mica embedded in the micro-industry or in the attached state. It is difficult to be enriched by the beneficiation method. Therefore, vanadium extraction by hydrometallurgy has been studied. The ore is first calcined to remove charcoal, followed by sodium roasting and water leaching. The water leaching residue can be further leached with acid leaching to further increase the leaching rate of vanadium. Sometimes the ore is selected by flotation and enrichment with vanadium-containing coarse concentrate, and then roasting and leaching, which can significantly reduce acid consumption.